1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

8

1.1 Definition of MID

8

1.2 Options for Magnification

9

1.3 Options for Color

9

1.4 Transmissive vs. Reflective MIDs

9

1.5 Alternative MID Technologies

10

1.6 Projection Application Specific Requirements

13

1.7 Personal Display Application Specific Requirements

13

1.8 Projection vs. Personal Viewer Requirements

15

1.9 Comparison of Imager Performance for Projection

15

1.10 Projectors: Discussion and Conclusion

18

1.11 Comparison of MIDs for Personal Displays

18

1.12 Conclusions

19

2.0 INTRODUCTION

17

2.1 Driving Forces for Presentation and Personal Displays

22

2.2 Definition of MID

24

2.3 Options for Magnification

25

2.4 Options for Color

28

2.5 Transmissive vs. Reflective MIDs

32

2.6 Alternative MID Technologies

33

2.7 Imager Performance

37

2.8 Projection Application Specific Requirements

45

2.9 Personal Display Application Specific Requirements

50

3.0 PROJECTION VS. PERSONAL VIEWER REQUIREMENTS

64

3.1 Projection Displays Lumens Out

64

3.2 Personal displays: Portability

65

4.0 COMPARISON OF IMAGER PERFORMANCE FOR PROJECTION

67

4.1 Candidate Technologies

67

4.2 Pealing the Next Layer of Throughput Efficiency

68

4.3 Throughput of Existing Projectors

73

4.4 Comparison of MIDs

75

4.5 Projectors: Discussion and Conclusion

83

5.0 COMPARISON OF MIDs FOR PERSONAL DISPLAYS

88

5.1 Candidate Technologies

88

5.2 Definition, Resolution, Size and Image Quality

90

5.3 Power Requirements

91

5.4 Exit Pupil Limitations

95

5.5 Overall Performance Rating of MIDs for Personal Display

96

6.0 CONCLUSIONS

98

6.1 Competitive Rankings for High Lumen Outputs

98

6.2 Competitive Rankins for Personal Displays

100

6.3 Further Study

102

Appendix A. MID Technologies

104

Appendix B. Pixel Diffraction

117

Appendix C. Diffractive Systems

122

Appendix D. Personal Viewer Optics

137

Appendix E. Numerical Results

142

Appendix F. References

146